2019 (Jun.): NY Regents - Global History & Geography II
By Sara Cowley
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Last updated 22 days ago
36 Questions
Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
In the very heart of Tokyo sits the imperial palace, site of the former Edo Castle. Inside a colossal moat with ramparts that dwarf anything seen in Europe, vast open spaces enclose the last fragments of one of the world’s most imposing seventeenth-century monuments. Across the globe in France, Louis XIV’s palace and gardens of Versailles form a similar impression of artificial mastery of nature and society. Miles of formal gardens punctuated [decorated] with fountains and statuary surround a palace known for its cold magnificence, with the entire ensemble of town, palace, and park orienting itself around a single, central focal point: the Sun King’s bedroom. Each complex symbolizes a system of power. Edo evokes [brings to mind] the Tokugawa rule by status, which decreed that the daimyo lords, who were themselves forced to spend alternate years in Edo away from their regional domains, lived administratively and spatially segregated from the various other categories of subjects, all ranged in a pattern of residential sectors spiraling around the castle. Versailles, in similar fashion, bespeaks [indicates] the domestication of the French aristocracy in a “gilded cage,” where they scrambled for favors while the Sun King undermined their authority and deprived them of their independence.
— William Beik, “Louis XIV and the Cities,” Edo and Paris: Urban Life and the State in the Early Modern Era, Cornell University Press, 1994
Base your answers to questions 3 and 4 on the documents below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Base your answers to questions 5 and 6 on the passage and illustration below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Base your answers to questions 7 and 8 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
... At times, gas has been known to travel, with dire results, fifteen miles behind the lines.
A gas, or smoke helmet, as it is called, at the best is a vile-smelling thing, and it is not long before one gets a violent headache from wearing it.
Our eighteen-pounders were bursting in No Man's Land, in an effort, by the artillery, to disperse the gas clouds.
The fire step was lined with crouching men, bayonets fixed, and bombs near at hand to repel the expected attack.
Our artillery had put a barrage of curtain fire on the German lines, to try and break up their attack and keep back re-inforcements.
I trained my machine gun on their trench and its bullets were raking the parapet [spraying the wall].
Then over they came, bayonets glistening. In their respirators, which have a large snout in front, they looked like some horrible nightmare. ...
Arthur Empey, "Over the Top," G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1917
Base your answers to questions 9 and 10 on the illustration below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Base your answers to questions 11 through 13 on the timeline below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Base your answers to questions 14 and 15 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
For a fortnight Gandhi’s march is intended to be only a demonstration. Then, when he expects to be at the sea, he will begin to produce salt from brine [salt water], and so infringe [violate] the Government salt monopoly, defying the Government to arrest and punish him. At the same time his supporters everywhere have been incited by him to refuse to pay local taxes.
— Gandhi’s March to the Sea, The Guardian, 1930
Base your answers to questions 16 and 17 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
...History shows that wars are divided into two kinds, just and unjust. All wars that are progressive [reformist] are just, and all wars that impede [obstruct] progress are unjust. We Communists oppose all unjust wars that impede progress, but we do not oppose progressive, just wars. Not only do we Communists not oppose just wars, we actively participate in them. As for unjust wars, World War I is an instance in which both sides fought for imperialist interests; therefore the Communists of the whole world firmly opposed that war. The way to oppose a war of this kind is to do everything possible to prevent it before it breaks out and, once it breaks out, to oppose war with war, to oppose unjust war with just war, whenever possible...
— Mao Zedong, Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-Tung, Foreign Languages Press, Peking, 1966
Base your answers to questions 18 and 19 on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Base your answers to questions 20 through 22 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
. . . Yet in recent months something has changed. Kim Jong Il, whose regime was responsible for the first test and who died in 2011, had only a rudimentary [basic] nuclear device, useful mainly for blackmail. Under his son, Kim Jong Un, the programme has rapidly gathered pace, with two nuclear tests this year alone. The North has also conducted 21 missile tests this year, including one from a submarine—a first. The ability to miniaturise a tactical nuclear weapon on a working missile could be just two or three years away, with an intercontinental ballistic missile capable of hitting California possible in five years’ time. Chun Yung-woo, a South Korean former national security adviser, talks of “growing outrage. . . after five tests, a change of mood, a sense of urgency.”
Once, it was possible to hope that the North’s isolated regime would implode [fail] under its own contradictions before it gained a proper nuclear capability. But the spread of informal markets and, for some North Koreans, a measure of prosperity may have strengthened the regime’s chances of survival. A consensus in Seoul is forming that Mr Kim now aims to dictate events on the peninsula—including the ability to demand that the Americans leave. One senior foreign diplomat in Seoul says that for the first time he hears people wondering openly whether there will be a major conflict on the peninsula in their lifetime. . . .
— “A Shrimp Among Whales,” The Economist, October 27, 2016
Base your answers to questions 23 and 24 on the photographs below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Base your answers to questions 25 and 26 on the cartoon and excerpt below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Base your answers to questions 27 and 28 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
The genius of apartheid was convincing people who were the overwhelming majority to turn on each other. Apart hate, is what it was. You separate people into groups and make them hate one another so you can run them all.
At the time, black South Africans outnumbered white South Africans nearly five to one, yet we were divided into different tribes with different languages: Zulu, Xhosa, Tswana, Sotho, Venda, Ndebele, Tsonga, Pedi, and more. Long before apartheid edited these tribal factions classes and warred with one another. Then white rule used that animosity [hatred] to divide and conquer. All nonwhites were systematically classified into various groups and subgroups. Then these groups were given differing levels of rights and privileges in order to keep them at odds...
- Trevor Noah, Born a Crime: Stories from a South African Childhood. Spiegel & Grau, 2016




Documents 1 (Scroll further down for Documents 2-5)
Document 2
Documents 3
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Document 5